Solar photovoltaic (PV) cell manufacturing

Crystalline silicon solar cell manufacturing process description is as follows:

Sections: 

(1)The multiple thread cutting, cutting a silicon rod as a square silicon.

(2) Cleaning: clean with conventional silicon wafer cleaning methods, and then by acid or alkali solution to remove silicon surface cutting damage layer 30-50 um.

(3) Preparation of suede: with alkali solution for silicon anisotropic etching in silicon wafer surface preparation of suede.

(4) Phosphorus diffusion: the coating source (or source of liquid, or solid nitrogen phosphorus flake source) to spread, made the PN + knot, knot deep generally 0.3 0.5 um.

(5) The surrounding etching: spread around silicon wafer surface diffusion layer, can make the top and bottom electrode short circuit batteries, masking wet etching or diffusion layer surrounding the plasma dry etching to remove.

(6) Remove the PN + knot on the back. Commonly used wet method corrosion or grinding method to remove the PN + knot on the back.

(7) Production from top to bottom electrode: use a vacuum vapor deposition, chemical nickel plating or aluminum paste printing sintering process. Making electrode under the first, and then make the electrode. Is extensively used for aluminum paste printing process.

(8) The reflective film: in order to reduce the reflection loss and the silicon wafer surface was covered a layer of reflective film. Making minus reflection membrane material with MgF2, SiO2, Al2O3, Si3N4, TiO2, Ta2O5.The Process method is available vacuum deposition, ion plating, sputtering, printing method, PECVD method or technique spraying method, etc.

(9) The battery chip in nickel or copper base plate.

(10) Test step: according to the regulation parameter specification, classification of testing.

Thus, the solar cell chip manufacturing process methods and semiconductor device basic same, production process equipment are basically the same, but the process of machining accuracy is far lower than the IC chip manufacturing requirements, this is the size of the solar cell production provided favorable conditions.